Comparative Performance of Mechanical Transplanting and Direct Seeding of Rice

Abstract

Rice is a major crop that is grown in more than 110 countries. The total area planted under rice in India is 44.0 million hectares which is largest in the world against a total area of 156.6 million hectares. The average yield of rice in India is 3.2 3.2 t•ha-1. The reasons for low yield are limited area under irrigation, seasonal shortage of resources and delay in land preparation and transplanting. A study on economics and major constraints in rice cultivation in Kaithal district of Haryana was conducted during 2009-10. Total costs in rice production amounted to be Rs. 33778.68•ha-1. Average yield was 4.99 t•ha-1. Benefit-cost ratio worked out to be 1.27. Pests and disease incidence, lack of remunerative price and labour shortage were the major constraints in rice production.

Pirinač je osnovna kultura koja se gaji u više od 110 zemalja. Ukupna površina posejana pirinčem u Indiji je 44 miliona hektara, što je najviše u svetu, u poređenju sa ukupnom površinom od 156.6 miliona hektara. Prosečan prinos pirinča u Indiji iznosi samo 3.2 t•ha-1. Razlog za ovako nizak prinos su ograničene oblasti koje se navodnjavaju, sezonski nedostatk resursa i kašnjenje sa pripremom zemljišta i presađivanjem. Proučavanje ekonomskih parametara i najznačajnijih ograničenja u uzgoju pirinča u oblasti Kaithal u Haryana izvedeno je tokom 2009-10. Ukupni troškovi u proizvodnji pirinča iznosili su Rs. 33778.68•ha-1. Prosečni prinos bio je 4.99 t•ha-1. Odnos prihoda i troškova iznosio je 1.27. Pojava štetočina i bolesti, slaba cena i nedostatak radne snage predstavljali su glavna ograničenja u proizvodnji pirinča.