The Effect of Fungicides for Seed Treatment on Germination of Barley

Abstract

The application of chemicals, such as fungicides for seed treatment, is one of the most reliable and perhaps most efficient measures for integrated preservation of crops, and its practicing has become a legal obligation for all seed producers. This investigation was carried out in the laboratory for seed quality and phytopathology of the Small Grains Research Center in Kragujevac. The objective was to establish the effect of fungicides on germination energy and seed germinability (determined after treatments). Two varieties were tested due to a possibility of specific sensitivities of some varieties, so that the results acquired on one variety would not necessarily be valid for another one. Fungicides based on active ingredients from the triasol chemical group had different effects on the energy of germination of barley seeds. Applying Raxil S040-FS, the average germination of barley seeds was 79.3% for the variety Record, and 91.3% for the Grand variety. The variety Record achieved a lower value than the minimum for barley seed germination (88%) stipulated by the Rules on Seed Quality of Agricultural Crops. Regardless of barley type, the product Raxil S040-FS showed a statistically significant effect on the number of atypical seedlings and increase in the number of non-germinated seeds, compared to the control.

Primena hemijskih mera, kao što je tretiranje semena fungicidima, predstavlja jedan od najpouzdanijih i, možda, najefikasnijih mera integralne zaštite useva, zbog čega je ovo i zakonska obaveza svih proizvođača semenske robe. Ispitivanja su izvedena u laboratoriji za ispitivanje kvaliteta semena i fitopatologiju u Centru za strna žita u Kragujevcu. Cilj ispitivanja je bio da se utvrdi uticaj fungicida na energiju klijanja i klijavost semena koje je određeno odmah posle tretiranja. U ispitivanju su bile uključene dve sorte, jer postoji mogućnost postojanja specifične osetljivosti nekih sorata i rezultati dobijeni na jednoj sorti ne moraju važiti i za druge sorte. Na energiju klijanja semena ječma utvrđen je različiti uticaj fungicida aktivnih materija iz hemijske grupe triazola. Primenom preparata Raxil S 040-FS dobijena je prosečna klijavost semena ječma kod sorte Rekord od 79,3%, a kod sorte Grand 91,3%. Vrednost dobijena kod sorte Rekord je niža od minimalne propisane vrednosti za klijavost ječma (88%) koju propisuje Pravilnik o kvalitetu semena poljoprivrednog bilja. Nezavisno od sorte ječma preparat Raxil S 040-FS je u odnosu na kontrolu pokazao statistički značajan uticaj na broj atipičnih klijanaca i na povećanje broja neklijalog semena.