Biological Efficacy of Herbicides for Weed Control in Noncropped Areas

Abstract

An increasing problem facing agricultural producers is the invasion of weeds, perennial in particular, so that implementation of industrial technologies is impossible without their highly efficient and rational control. For the purpose of studying efficient herbicides for weed control in noncropped areas (stubbles), a biological study of five total systemic herbicides was conducted in areas under natural weed infestation and pressure from other surrounding weeds at the Institute of Forage Crops in Pleven in 2005-2007. The trials were carried out in field conditions using the block method with plot size of 20 m². Treatment was conducted at the predominant stage of budding of perennial dicotyledonous weeds and earing of monocotyledonous weeds. Herbicidal efficacy was recorded on the EWRS 9-score scale (0-100% killed weeds = score 9-1). It was found that treatment of noncropped areas (stubbles) with the total systemic herbicides Touchdown System 4 (360 g/l glyphosate); Cosmic (360 g/l glyphosate); Roundup Plus (441 g/l glyphosate potassium salt); Leon 36 SL (360 g/l glyphosate) and Glyphos Super 45 SL (450 g/l glyphosate) was highly efficient, so that it was a successful element of a strategy for controlling weeds of different biological groups, and was especially effective against perennial weeds.

Poljoprivredni proizvođači se sve češće suočavaju sa problemom invazije korova, naročito višegodišnjih, tako da je primena industrijske tehnologije nemoguća bez njihovog efikasnog i racionalnog uklanjanja. Da bi se ispitala efikasnost herbicida u suzbijanju korova na neobrađenim površinama (strništima), tokom perioda 2005-2007. godine, u Institutu za krmno bilje u Plevenu sproveli smo biološko istraživanje pet totalnih sistemskih herbicida na površinama sa prirodnom infestacijom i drugim korovima u okruženju. Ogledi su izvedeni u polju, a korišćen je blok sistem sa veličinom elementarne parcele od 20 m². Tretmani su izvedeni u stadijumu pupoljka kod višegodišnjih dikotiledonih korova i u stadijumu klasanja kod monokotiledonih korova. Efikasnost herbicida je merena na skali EWRS od 9 poena (0-100% uništenih korova = ocene 9-1). Rezultati pokazuju da su tretmani neobrađenih područja (strništa) totalnim sistemskim herbicidima Touchdown System 4 (360 g/l glifosat); Cosmic (360 g/l glifosat); Roundup Plus (441 g/l glifosat kalijumova so); Leon 36 SL (360 g/l glifosat) i Glyphos Super 45 SL (450 g/l glifosat) postigli visoku efikasnost, tako da predstavljaju uspešan element u strategiji suzbijanja korova iz različitih bioloških grupa, s tim da je najznačajniji rezultat postignut kod višegodišnjih korova.