Comparative Analysis of the Anatomy of Two Populations of Red-Root Amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus L.)
Uporedna analiza anatomske građe dve populacije štira (Amaranthus retroflexus L.)
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Author
Vrbnicanin, Sava
Stefanovic, Lidija
Bozic, Dragana
Saric, Marija
Radosevic, Radenko
Keywords
Amaranthus retroflexus L.Population AMARE1
Population AMARE2
Leaf anatomy
Stem anatomy
anatomska građa lista
anatomska građa stabla
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The anatomy of stems and leaves of two populations of the weed species Amaranthus
retroflexus L. (red-root amaranth) (pop. AMARE1 having green stems covered in sparse hairs
and pop. AMARE2 with green but notably dense stem hairs) was analysed in order better
to understand the uptake and translocation of herbicides that could be indicative of
the species’ evolving resistance to herbicides. Samples of the two populations (AMARE1
and AMARE2) were collected from arable land of the Institute of Maize Research at Zemun
Polje in 2006. Sampling was performed at the stage of full vegetative growth of plants.
Permanent microscoping preparations were made to measure and analyze elements of the
anatomy of stems (stem epidermis, cortex, collenchyma, central cylinder and diameter) and
leaves (leaf epidermis upper surface and underside, mesophyll, leaf thickness and bundle
sheath thickness).
Both analysed populations of A. retroflexus, morphologically characterized by different
density of stem hairiness, were found to have a typical structure of herbaceous dicots. The
stem had three distinctive zones: epidermis, cortex and central cylinder. Amaranth leaves
have dorsoventral structure, i.e. their upper surface and underside can be differentiated.
The results indicated high and very high significance of differences found in stem anatomy
between the two analysed populations, while leaf anatomy was not found to display significant
differences other than in mesophyll thickness. U ovom radu je proučavana anatomska građa stabla i lista dve populacije korovske vrste
Amaranthus retroflexus L. (štir) (pop. AMARE1 sa zelenim stablom prepokrivenim retkim
dlakama, i pop. AMARE2 takođe sa zelenim ali izrazito maljavim stablom) u cilju boljeg razumevanja
usvajanja i translokacije herbicida što može biti u vezi sa odgovorima na razvoj rezistetnosti
ove vrste na herbicide. Za ispitivanje anatomske građe stabla i lista ove dve populacije
(AMARE1 i AMARE2) uzorci su sakupljeni sa proizvodnih površina Instituta za kukuruz
Zemun Polje tokom 2006. godine. Uzorkovanje materijala je rađeno u fazi punog vegetativnog
porasta biljaka. Pravljeni su trajni mikroskopski preparati na kojima su mereni i analizirani
elementi anatomske građe stabla (epidermis stabla, primarna kora stabla, kolenhim,
centralni cilindar i prečnik stabla) i anatomske građe lista (epidermis lica i naličja lista, mezofil,
debljina lista i debljina ćelija omotača provodnog snopića).
Kod obe analizirane populacije A. retroflexus, koje su se morfološki razlikovale po maljavosti
(AMARE1 pop. je zelenog stabla prepokrivenog retkim dlakama, a AMARE2 pop. je takođe
zelenog stabla sa izraženom maljavošću), konstatovano je da imaju tipičnu građu zeljastih
dikotila. Dakle, stablo ima jasno izdiferencirane tri zone: epidermis stabla, primarnu
koru i centralni cilindar. List štira je dorzoventralne građe, što znači da se razlikuje epidermis
lica i naličje lista. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da se građa stabla dve ispitivane populacije
štira statistički značajno ili veoma značajano razlikuje u odnosu na sve analizirane parametre,
dok na nivou anatomske građe lista nisu konstatovane značajne razlike, sem u debljini
mezofila.