Biofungicides and Their Applicability in Modern Agricultural Practice
Biofungicidi i mogućnosti primene u savremenoj poljoprivredi
View/ Open
Author
Grahovac, Mila
Indjic, Dusanka
Lazic, Sanja
Vukovic, Slavica
Keywords
BiopesticidesBiofungicides
Antagonists
Super-parasites
Competition
Antibiosis
Biopesticidi
antagonisti
superparaziti
kompeticija
antibioza
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Agricultural production in developed countries undergoes various changes, some of
which take place at consumers’ request, while others are of ethical importance. This is especially
true of plant protection. A global demand for reducing the use of chemical pesticides,
which are regarded as harmful to the consumer, induce the developement of new,
less harmful and sustainable strategies of plant protection. Many chemical pesticides have
been excluded from further use (e.g. organochlorine insecticides, methyl bromide) due to
their potential risk to human health, the environment and non-target organisms, or developement
of resistance of harmful organisms to those substances. A need for developing
alternative protection systems in the future is beyond doubt and they should be implemented
either as an addition or a substitute for conventional pesticides. Well-considered
use of biological products in combination with other protection measures would meet
the requirements for producing sanitary and health-safe agricultural products, and food
in general. In the paper, we discuss the modes of action, formulation types and applicability
of different biological fungicides, and list them individually with their advantages and
disadvantages, as well as the production and application risks associated with biological
products. Poljoprivredna proizvodnja u razvijenim zemljama podleže raznim promenama, neke
su posledica zahteva potrošača a neke su etičkog značaja. Ovo se posebno odnosi na zaštitu
bilja. Globalni zahtevi za smanjenje upotrebe pesticida hemijske prirode koji se smatraju
štetnim za potrošača uslovljavaju razvoj novih, manje opasnih, održivih strategija u zaštiti
bilja. Veliki broj hemijskih pesticida je isključen iz upotrebe (organohlorni insekticidi, metil-
bromid), ili zbog potencijalnog rizika po ljudsko zdravlje, zagađenja životne sredine, efekata
na neciljane organizme, ili razvoja rezistentnosti kod štetnih organizama na pomenuta
jedinjenja. Nema sumnje da postoji potreba za razvojem alternativnih sistema zaštite u budućnosti
i da se oni moraju implementirati kao dopuna ili zamena konvencionalnoj primeni
pesticida. Osmišljena primena biopreparata u kombinaciji sa drugim merama zaštite, zadovoljila
bi zahteve za proizvodnju higijenski ispravnih i zdravstveno bezbednih poljoprivrednih
proizvoda i hrane uopšte. U radu su prikazani mehanizmi delovanja, oblici formulacija
bioloških fungicida i mogućnosti primene, pregled biofungicida, zatim prednosti i nedostaci,
kao i rizici pri proizvodnji i primeni bioloških preparata.