First record of spotted wing drosophila Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Montenegro

Abstract

The spotted wing drosophila Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is an invasive pest originating from Southeast Asia. It was detected for the first time in Europe in 2008 (Spain and Italy) and subsequently in other European countries. It is a highly polyphagous pest that infests healthy, ripening fruit and presents a serious threat to fruit production, particularly of soft skinned fruit. In the first half of October 2013, a new fruit fly species was unexpectedly detected in Tephri traps baited with the three-component female-biased attractant BioLure that is regularly used for monitoring the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata Wiedem. (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Montenegro. Brief visual inspection identified the new species as the spotted wing drosophila D. suzukii. The pest was first recorded in several localities on the Montenegrin seacoast around Boka Kotor Bay. After the finding, all Drosophila specimens were collected from traps for further laboratory observation. A quick follow-up monitoring of other Tephri traps was carried out within the next few days on the rest of the seacoast (localities from Tivat to Ulcinj). Additionally, Tephri traps were set up around Lake Skadar and in the city of Podgorica, as well as on fresh fruit markets in Podgorica. The results of this preliminary study showed that D. suzukii was present in all surveyed locations and adults were captured until late December. Both sexes were found in traps with BioLure. Our data show that D. suzukii is present in southern parts of Montenegro and there is a serious threat of its further spreading, particularly towards northern parts of the country where the main raspberry and blueberry production is placed. The results also show that Tephri traps baited with BioLure can be used for detection and monitoring of spotted wing drosophila.

Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) je invazivna vrsta porijeklom iz jugoistočne Azije. U Evropi je prvi put nađena 2008. godine (Španija i Italija), a nakon toga i u ostalim evropskim zemljama. Ova veoma polifagna štetočina napada zdrave plodove u fazi zrenja i zbog toga predstavlja veliku opasnost za voćarsku proizvodnju, a naročito za proizvodnju sitnog voća. U prvoj polovini oktobra 2013. godine utvrđeno je prisustvo odraslih jedinki nove vrste u Tephri klopkama sa trikomponentnim atraktantom BioLure koji se standardno koristi za monitoring mediteranske voćne muve Ceratitis capitata Wiedem. (Diptera: Tephritidae) u Crnoj Gori. Vizuelni pregled klopki ukazivao je da se radi o novoj vrsti, D. suzukii. Vrsta je prvo zabilježena u lokalitetima u bokokotorskom zalivu (Baošići, Đenovići i Kumbor). Nakon ovog nalaza sve jedinke Drosophila sp. su sakupljene radi daljeg laboratorijskog ispitivanja. U narednih nekoliko dana izvršeni su pregledi Tephri klopki i na ostalom dijelu crnogorskog primorja (lokaliteti od Tivta do Ulcinja). Pored toga, Tephri klopke su postavljene u okolini Skadarskog jezera i na području Podgorice, uključujući i zelene pijace. Rezultati ovog preliminarnog istraživanja su pokazali prisustvo D. suzukii u svim posmatranim lokalitetima i hvatanje odraslih jedinki do kraja decembra. U klopkama sa BioLure nađene su jedinke oba pola. Utvrđeno prisustvo D. suzukii u južnom dijelu Crne Gore predstavlja veliku opasnost od njenog daljeg širenja, posebno prema sjeveru zemlje koje je glavno proizvodno područje maline i borovnice. Dobijeni rezultati, takođe, pokazuju da se Tephri klopke sa atraktantom BioLure mogu koristiti za utvrđivanje prisustva i monitoring ove vrste.