Chemical control of field dodder in alfalfa
Hemijsko suzbijanje viline kosice u lucerki
Author
Saric-Krsmanovic, Marija
Bozic, Dragana
Malidza, Goran
Radivojevic, Ljiljana
Gajic Umiljendic, Jelena
Vrbnicanin, Sava
Keywords
Field dodderHerbicides
Chemical control
Alfalfa
Vilina kosica
Herbicidi
Hemijsko suzbijanje
Lucerka
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Parasitic flowering plants have recently come into focus of research interests as a result
of their notable expansion and increasing damage that they are causing in agricultural
fields. Damage caused by field dodder in alfalfa crops mainly includes reduced yield of fresh
biomass and considerable decrease in seed production. Effective control of field dodder
in alfalfa crops necessarily includes a number of preventive measures and procedures, as
well as chemical control. The effectiveness of glyphosate, propyzamide, imazethapyr and
diquat herbicides in controlling field dodder in alfalfa crops was tested in trials conducted
in 2011. Pot and field trials were set up in an experimental field of the Institute of Field and
Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad (location Rimski Šančevi) and in a private field at Popovići
(vicinity of Mladenovac). In pot trials, two glyphosate application rates (288 and 360 g a.i. ha)
achieved the highest effectiveness of 95% and 97.5%, respectively. Both application rates of
propyzamide (1500 and 2000 g a.i. ha) had weak effectiveness (85% and 87%, respectively),
while imazethapyr (150 g a.i. ha) was the weakest herbicide with 80% efficacy. In field trials at
both locations, diquat (450 g a.i. ha) showed the best efficacy in controlling field dodder in
alfalfa. The efficacy of all other treatments was weaker at Popovići with the following survival
rates of field dodder plants: 25% (glyphosate, 288 g a.i. ha), 15% (glyphosate, 360 g a.i. ha),
79% (propyzamide, 1500 g a.i. ha), 70% (propyzamide, 2000 g a.i. ha) and 72% (imazethapyr,
150 g a.i. ha). At the location Rimski Šančevi, the same treatements resulted in around 1%
remaining field dodder plants in alfalfa crop. U novije vreme problematika parazitskih cvetnica postaje sve aktuelnija i dobija veći
istraživački prostor upravo zbog njihovog širenja i sve većih šteta koje nanose u poljoprivredi.
Štete koje vilina kosica pravi u usevu lucerke se prvenstveno odnose na smanjenje prinosa
zelene biomase i značajno smanjenu produkciju semena kod semenske lucerke. Efikasno
suzbijanje viline kosice u usevu luceke podrazumeva niz preventivnih mera i postupaka, kao
i hemijsku kontrolu. Ispitivanje efikasnosti herbicida (glifosat, propizamid, imazetapir i dikvat)
u suzbijanju viline kosice u usevu lucerke urađeno je tokom 2011. godine. Ogledi su izvedeni
u saksijama i u polju, na oglednom polju Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Novom Sadu
(Rimski Šančevi) i na privatnoj parceli na lokalitetu Popovići (okolina Mladenovca). U ogledu
sa saksijama, najbolju efikasnost je ispoljio glifosat u obe primenjene količine (288 i 360 g
a.s. ha), 95% odnosno 97.5%. Efikasnost koju je ispoljio propizamid u obe količine primene
(1500 i 2000 g a.s. ha) je bila slabija (85% odnosno 87%), dok je najslabiju efikasnost ispoljio
imazetapir (150 g a.s. ha), 80%. U poljskim ogledima, na oba lokaliteta, dikvat (450 g a.s. ha) je
ispoljio najbolju efikasnost u suzbijanju viline kosice. Na lokalitetu Popovići efikasnost ostalih
tretmana je bila slabija, odnosno procenat preživelih jedinki viline kosice je bio: 25% (glifosat,
288 g a.s. ha), 15% (glifosat, 360 g a.s. ha), 79% (propizamid, 1500 g a.s. ha), 70% (propizamid,
2000 g a.s. ha) i 72% (imazetapir, 150 g a.s. ha). Na lokalitetu Rimski Šančevi, pri primeni istih
tretmana, vilina kosica se zadržala na usevu sa oko 1%.