Rhagoletis cerasi Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae) – Biological Characteristics, Harmfulness and Control
Rhagoletis cerasi Loew (Diptera, Tephritidae) – biološke karakteristike, štetnost i suzbijanje
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Author
Stamenkovic, Svetomir
Peric, Pantelija
Milosevic, Drago
Keywords
Rhagoletis cerasiBiological characteristics
Harmfulness
Control
Trešnjina muva
biološke karakteristike
štetnost
suzbijanje
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Show full item recordAbstract
The European cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cerasi Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a highly
destructive pest in sweet and sour cherry orchards with a distribution area throughout
Europe and the temperate regions of Asia. It occurs regularly in all production regions of
these fruit species in Serbia, damaging up to 10% of cherries in commercial production,
while damage can go up to 100% in orchards and on solitary threes unprotected by control
measures.
In Serbia, European cherry fruit fly most often attacks and damages fruits of the lateripening
cultivars of sweet cherry (Van, Stela, Hedelfinger, Bing, Lambert, Drogan’s Yellow).
After a sweet cherry harvest, adults migrate to sour cherry where they continue feeding
and ovipositing in half-mature sour cherries (prevailingly the domestic ecotype Oblačinska).
During their activity period, larvae damage the fruits, so that they can no longer be consumed
either fresh or processed. The high percentage of sour cherries damaged by R. cerasi
has become a factor limiting exports because the intensity of infestation of this fruit
exceeds permissible limits. Pesticide use for controlling this pest, especially in integrated
production, is based on a very poor selection of insecticides which cause problems with
residual ecotoxicity. Consequently, alternative measures for controlling European cherry
fruit fly have been intensively studied over the past few years.
This work surveys up-to-date results of various studies on the European cherry fruit fly
as a very important pest in Serbia and other South and Mid-European countries. The work
contains detailed descriptions of its biological characteristics, flight phenology, infestation
intensity and possibilities of fly control in sweet and sour cherry production areas. Evropska trešnjina muva, Rhagoletis cerasi Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae), veoma destruktivna
štetočina u zasadima trešnje i višnje, rasprostranjena je širom Evrope i u umerenim regionima
Azije. Redovno se javlja u svim proizvodnim područjima ovih vrsta voćaka u Srbiji,
oštećujući do 10% plodova u komercijalnoj proizvodnji, a u zasadima i na pojedinačnim
stablima gde se ne sprovode mere zaštite i do 100%.
Trešnjina muva u uslovima Srbije najčešće napada i oštećuje plodove kasnih sorata trešnje
(Van, Stela, Hedelfinger, Bing, Lambert, Drogan’s Yellow). Po završenoj berbi trešanja
imago prelazi na višnju i nastavlja sa ishranom i ovipozicijom u poluzrele plodove višnje
(najzastupljenija: domaći ekotip oblačinska višnja). Svojim aktivnostima larve oštećuju plodove
i oni postaju neupotrebljivi za ishranu u svežem stanju, ali i za preradu. Visok procenat
oštećenih plodova višnje delovanjem R. cerasi je ograničavajući faktor izvoza, jer je intenzitet
napada na plodovima iznad dozvoljene granice. Primena pesticida za kontrolu ove štetočine,
posebno u integralnoj proizvodnji, ograničena je na veoma mali izbor insekticida, čija
se primena vezuje za probleme ekotoksičnosti ostataka. Zbog toga se poslednjih godina
sve više proučavaju alternativne metode za kontrolu populacije trešnjine muve.
U radu su prikazani dosadašnji rezultati proučavanja evropske trešnjine muve, vrlo značajne
štetočine u Srbiji i drugim zemljama južne i srednje Evrope. Detaljno su opisane biološke
karakteristike, fenologija leta, intenzitet napada i mogućnosti suzbijanja muve u područjima
gajenja trešnje i višnje.