Reproduction of confused flour beetle Tribolium confusum Du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on common and spelt wheat and their products
Razmnožavanje malog brašnara, Tribolium confusum Du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) na običnoj pšenici i spelti i njihovim prerađevinama
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Author
Almasi, Radmila
Posloncec, Danijela
Keywords
WheatReproduction
Tribolium confusum
Pšenica
razmnožavanje
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Show full item recordAbstract
The interest in spelt wheat production has grown in recent years but there is hardly
any information on pest development on that wheat species in storehouses. The influence
of common and spelt wheat and their products on the reproduction and offspring of
confused flour beetles Tribolium confusum Du Val was studied under laboratory conditions
(22-25 °C and 40-60% RH). The experiment was carried out in four replications with
four, 10 and 20 insects over a period of six months. The reproduction of confused flour
beetles significantly varied depending on the wheat species and product. The highest
reproduction rate was recorded on spelt wheat (Triticum spelta L.). The greatest number
of offspring beetles appeared on spelt wheat flour (23469). The number of offspring
beetles was higher on common (7044) than on spelt wheat kernels (5469). No offspring
developed on common wheat pasta while only 4 young beetles were found on spelt
wheat pasta. Offspring numbers increased with storage period up to a point but further
on they depended on insect number. The number of insects increased over the first four
months but decreased later on and the mortality rate was higher. Initial population density
affected the offspring numbers but offspring numbers did not rise proportionally with the
rising initial population density. Considering the species of wheat, higher mortality was
recorded in common wheat. Regarding the type of product, the highest mortality was
recorded in pasta, then in kernels and the lowest in flour. The paper shows that confused
flour beetles develop extremely well on spelt wheat, even better than on common wheat
which is widely grown in Serbia. Poslednjih godina povećan je interes za proizvodnju pšenice spelte. Malo je informacija
o mogućnosti razvića štetočina u skladištima na ovoj vrsti pšenice. Ispitivan je uticaj vrste
pšenice i njenih prerađevina na reprodukciju i formiranje potomstva malog brašnara Tribolium
confusum Du Val u laboratorijskim uslovima (22-25 °C i 40-60% RVV). Ogled je postavljen u
četiri ponavljanja sa po četiri, 10 i 20 insekata i praćen šest meseci. Razmnožavanje malog
brašnara se značajno razlikovalo u zavisnosti od vrste pšenice. Najveća reprodukcija zabeležena
je na spelti (Triticum spelta L.). Najveći broj potomaka se razvio na brašnu od spelte (23469).
Na zrnu pšenice dobijen je veći broj potomaka (7044) od broja potomaka na zrnu spelte
(5469). Na testeninama od pšenice nije dobijeno potomstvo, dok je na testeninama od
spelte dobijeno samo 4 potomka. Dužina čuvanja utiče na povećanje brojnosti potomstva
pozitivno, do određene granice, a dalje zavisi od brojnosti insekata i količine dostupne
hrane. Do četiri meseca brojnost insekata se povećavala, a kasnije opadala i povećavala
se smrtnost. Osim vrste hrane i početna gustina populacije utiče na brojnost potomstva,
ali se brojnost potomstva ne povećava srazmerno povećanju početne gustine populacije.
U zavisnosti od vrste pšenice najveća smrtnost zabeležena je na običnoj pšenici. U odnosu
na vrstu proizvoda najveća smrtnost bila je na testeninama, zatim na zrnu, a najmanja na
brašnu. Ovaj rad ukazuje da se mali brašnar odlično razvija na spelti i svim proizvodima od
spelte, čak bolje nego na mekoj pšenici koja se gaji u našoj zemlji.