Impact of Climatic Conditions of the Area on Wheat

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of climatic conditions in the city of Leskovac, in the period from 2000 to 2008th year, the yield of wheat. This paper presents the average yield of wheat according to the mean monthly temperature and total precipitation during the vegetation period. So they separated two years ago (2003) when he achieved the lowest yield of wheat in the territory of Leskovac (2.4 t ha-1) and the 2004th years ago, when achieved the highest average yield in the period (3.7 t ha- 1). The average yield in the year with favorable schedule and rainfall, and average air temperature was higher by 1.3 t ha-1 of the unfavorable climatic conditions. Deficiency, poor distribution of rainfall, high average temperature, and temperature fluctuations during the growing negative impact on wheat yield. By choosing a variety that is more tolerant to drought, as well as quality and timely application of agro-technical measures can mitigate the adverse impact of climate conditions on the yield of wheat fields.

Cilj ovih istraživanja je bio da se analizira uticaj klimatskih uslova na području grada Leskovca, u periodu od 2000.-2008. godine, na prinos pšenice. U radu su prikazani prosečni prinosi pšenice u zavisnosti od srednjih mesečnih temperatura i ukupnih padavina u periodu vegetacije pšenice. Tako su izdvojene dve godine (2003), kada je ostvaren najniži prinos pšenice na teritoriji Leskovca (2.4 t ha-1) i 2004. godina, kada je ostvaren najviši prosečan prinos u posmatranom periodu (3.7 t ha-1). Prosečan prinos u godini sa povoljnijim rasporedom i količinom padavina, kao i srednjom temperaturom vazduha bio je veći za 1.3 t ha-1 od godine sa nepovoljnim klimatskim prilikama. Nedostatak, loš raspored padavina, visoke prosečne temperature, i temperaturna kolebanja u toku vegetacije negativno utiču na prinos pšenice. Izborom sorte koja je tolerantnija prema suši, kao i kvalitetnom i pravovremenom primenom agrotehničkih mera može se ublažiti nepovoljan uticaj klimatskih prilika područja na prinos pšenice.