General Approach to Engine Maintenance in View of Working Fluid of Agricultural and Other Mechanization in Order to Extend Lifetime and Rational Exploitation

Abstract

Every IC engine is designed and produced with an intention to enable the planned lifetime to be as long as possible. The lifetime is influenced by numerous factors such as reputation of designers and producers, the choice and realization of technical methods and materials, manner of exploitation, using adequate working mediums (lubricants, fuels, liquid coolants, additives etc.) and other factors. The application of appropriate mediums in exploitation and their required change may significantly influence the extension of the IC engines and its components lifetime. However, the improper application of the mediums or low quality application and / or prolonged change time may cause a reduction in expected engine lifetime and increasing of toxic components in exhaust emission. In this paper a general approach is given to analyses of significant factors of oil quality, liquid coolant quality and other additives quality and the influence of these factors on the maintenance and lifetime of agricultural and other mechanization engines in order to enhance rational exploitation, as well as a global approach is given to actual possibilities in exhaust emission control.

Svaki motor, projektovan je i proizveden sa težnjom da planirani vek trajanja bude što duži. Na dužinu tog veka, utiči mnogobrojni faktori, pre svega renome projektanta i proizvođača, zatim, izbor i realizacija tehnoloških postupaka i materijala, način eksploatacije, primena adekvatnih radnih mediuma (maziva, goriva, rashladnih sredstava, aditiva i dr.) i drugi faktori. Primena odgovarajućih mediuma u eksploataciji i njihova predviđena zamena u znatnoj meri mogu uticati na produženje veka motora, odnosno njihovih komponenata. Međutim, njihova neadekvatna primena, ili primena niskog kvaliteta, kao i neodgovarajućim produženjem intervala zamene, može doprineti smanjenju očekivanog veka trajanja motora i povećanju štetnih komponenata emisije izduvnih gasova. U ovom radu je dat jedan opšti prikaz uticajnih faktora kvaliteta ulja, rashladnog fluida i drugih aditiva na održavanje i vek motora poljoprivredne i druge mehanizacije, a u cilju racionalne eksploatacije, kao i jedan globalni pristup aktuelnim mogućnostima smanjenja emisije izduvnih gasova.