Cooling of Greenhouses in The Humid Tropics - Problems and Solutions

Abstract

The development of a greenhouse suitable for protected cultivation in the humid tropics is still far from being realized. Reducing the heat load without increasing humidity inside the greenhouse, pest exclusion without heavy reliance on chemicals and monitoring plant response to changes in the microenvironment are the main challenges. As such the development of a strategy that allows for rational use of resources for high quality plant production while ensuring maximum protection and sustainability of the environment is still being sought. The progress made in developing an adapted greenhouse that encourages biological pest control and simultaneously offers an optimum microclimate is discussed in the concept of integrated plant production in the humid tropics.

Konačno rešenje objekta zaštićenog prostora pogodnog za gajenje useva u vlažnim tropskim uslovima, još uvak nije nađeno. Glavni problemi su kako sniziti temperaturu u objektima a pritom ne povećati relativnu vlažnost vazduha i kako eliminisati insekte bez povećane upotrebe hemijskih zaštitnih sredstava. U svetu se sve češće predlažu nove strategije održive poljoprivrede čijom bi se primenom smanjila upotreba hemijskih zaštitnih sredstava i tako dikerktno uticalo na ekološki opravdaniju poljoprivrednu proizvodnju ne umanjujući time kvalitet na ovaj način dobijenih poljoprivrednih proizvoda. U radu se analizira mogućnost razvoja tehnološko-tehničkog sistema objekta zaštićenog prostora u kome bi bila moguća biološka kontrola insekata uz održanje optimalnih mikroklimatskih uslova.