Effective Machine Utilisation on Small and Medium Sized Plant Production Farms
Efikasno iskorišćavanje mehanizacije na malim i srednjim farmama
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Author
Mago, Laszlo
Keywords
mechanisationsmall farm
medium farm
machine fleet planning
machine utilisation
low cost machine fleet
mehanizacija
male i srednje farme
planiranje mašinskih sistema
iskorišćenost mašina
mehanizacija sa niskim troškovima
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Show full item recordAbstract
It is essential to develop a cost effective fleet of machinery for the present day
various standard sizes of plants. In the case of the small units it is essential to develop
equipment and cost saving mechanical solutions, but there is also demand for the
building up of systems of machinery with modern, cutting edge technology and profit
improving attributes for the medium sized farms, which more favourable specific cost
level.
Farmers working from different amounts of capital on farms, which provide
different levels of mechanical development potential, have to develop mechanisation
solutions using the wide range of types and price range of the power and work
machinery.
Taking into consideration the current partitioned structure of the farms the goal was
established to determine that in the case of the different branches of plant production on
small and medium sized farms which combination of fleet of machinery can be used
effectively.
Based on the examinations it can be established that in case of the smallest farm size
(under 50 hectares) low level of utilization (400-500 operational hours per year) can be
reached in case of tractors. At medium farm sizes (50-300 ha) the same index is higher:
800-1400 operational hours per year. In case of large scale farms (over 300 hectares)
tractor categories have significant operational hours capacity (1000-1800 operational
hours per year). Određivanje najefikasnijeg sastava mehanizacije za svaku farmu je vrlo
značajno u današnje vreme. Neophodno je uraditi matematičke modele za planiranje
sastava mehanizacije za male i sradnje veličine farmi za ratarsku proizvodnje.
Određivanje strukture i iskorišćenost mašina koje se može primeniti na farmama male i
srednje veličine, utiče na ekonomske informacije vezane uz mehanizaciju ratarske
proizvodnje.
Uzimajući u obzir sadašnju fragmentiranu strukturu farmi, popstavljen je cilj da se
odredi najefikasnija kombinacija mašina, koja bi se koristila u različitim vrstama biljne
proizvodnje na malim i farmama srednje veličine. Konstatovano je, na osnovu
istraživanja, da se na najmanjim farmama (ispod 50 ha) mogu koristiti traktori manjeg
nivoa iskorišćavanja (400-500 radnih sati godišnje). Na farmama srednje veličine
(50-300 ha) taj indeks je veći: 800-1400 radnih sati godišnje. U slučaju velikih farmi
(preko 300 ha), traktori treba da imaju značajan radni kapacitet (1000-1800 radnih sati
godišnje).