Technical Systems for Microclimate Control Within Green Houses

Abstract

Plant production within a protected area presents the most intense way of agricultural production. Plant growing is intense year-round, with high yields and high quality products. The point of microclimate regulation in green house is to increase agriculture production within limited (protected) areas (spaces) with the least amount of production costs, by arranging a balanced ratio of many factors, first of all the climate, which influences the yields of the cultivated crops. Microclimate control in green houses presents an accountable, precise and complicated process, with respect to a number of factors that affect the climate within a protected space, which are interdependent, so the control could be successfully achieved only by applying the right technical systems and devices controlled by computers. The work shows new generations of control systems and devices with characteristics that are used to control microclimate of a green house.

Biljna proizvodnja u zaštićenom prostoru predstavlja najintenzivniji oblik proizvodnje u poljoprivredi. Rast biljaka je intenzivan tokom cele godine, sa ostvarivanjem visokog prinosa i kvaliteta proizvoda . Svrha regulacije mikroklime u plastenicima je povećanje obima poljoprivredne proizvodnje na ograničenim (zaštićenim) površinama (prostorima) pri najmanjim proizvodnim troškovima, dovođenjem u skladan odnos mnogobrojnih faktora pre svega klime od kojih zavisi prinos gajenih kultura. Kontrola mikroklime u plastenicima predstavlja odgovoran, precizan i komplikovan proces, obzirom da ima više faktora koji utiču na klimu u zaštićenom prostoru, koji su uzajamno zavisni, pa se kontrola može uspešno postići jedino primenom odgovarajućih tehničkih sistema i uređaja kontrolisanih PC računarima. U radu su prikazane novije generacije kontrolnih sistema i uređaja sa karakteristikama koje se koriste u kontroli mikroklime plastenika.