Effects of Using Ameliorative Tillage System on Soils of Heavy Mechanical Composition in Field Crops Production
Efekti primene sistema meliorativne obrade na zemljišta teškog mehaničkog sastava u proizvodnji ratarskih kultura
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Author
Ercegovic, Djuro
Pajic, Milos
Raicevic, Dragisa
Oljaca, Mico
Gligorevic, Kosta
Vukic, Djukan
Radojevic, Rade
Dumanovic, Zoran
Kolcar, Dragan
Keywords
soil tillagedrainage plough
vibratory subsoiler
rainfall
grain yield
obrada zemljišta
drenažni plug
vibracioni razrivač
padavine
prinos
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Show full item recordAbstract
In this paper influence of two tillage systems for soils of heavy mechanical
composition (conventional with bottom plough and ameliorative tillage system) is
analyzed. The emphasis of research, in addition to other secondary effects, is focused on
the yield and the cost of production of main field crops as relevant indicators of
efficiency of plant production.
Production of field crops with conventional tillage system gave satisfactory yields,
characteristic for a given agro-climatic conditions (quantity and distribution of rainfall,
soils of heavy mechanical composition). Ameliorative tillage system of soils of heavy
mechanical composition in comparison to conventional system achieved significantly
higher yields of crops in dry years (8.6% sunflower, 9.9% corn), and even more in years
with a lot of rainfall (21% wheat ).
The research is necessary to continue in order to see the effects of ameliorative
tillage system on other breeding plants, and also for observing the effects of continuous
usage of this tillage system (in second, third and fourth year of production). U radu je analiziran uticaj dva sistema obrade zemljišta teškog mehaničkog
sastava: konvencionalni izveden pomoću raonog pluga i sistem meliorativne obrade.
Akcenat istraživanja je, pored ostalih pratećih efekata, usmeren na prinos i troškove
proizvodnje glavnih ratarskih kultura kao relevantnih pokazatelja efikasnosti biljne
proizvodnje.
Proizvodnja ratarskih kultura izvedena konvencionalnim sistemom obrade dala je
zadovoljavajuće prinose, karakteristične za date agroklimatske uslove (količine i
raspored padavina, zemljište teškog mehaničkog sastava). Meliorativnim sistemom
obrade zemljišta teškog mehaničkog sastava u odnosu na konvencionalni sistem postižu
se značajno veći prinosi ratarskih kultura u sušnim godinama (8,6% suncokret, 9,9%
kukuruz), a još više u godinama sa izraženim periodima prevlaživanja zemljišta (21%
pšenica).
Ova istraživanja je potrebno nastaviti zbog sagledavanja efekata primene sistema
meliorativne obrade zemljišta i na druge gajene kulture, kao i radi sagledavanja efekata
produženog dejstva primene ovog sistema obrade (u narednim proizvodnim godinama).