Quarantine Weeds in Alfalfa Seed and their Influence on Processing Efficiency
Karantinski korovi u semenu lucerke i njihov uticaj na efikasnost dorade
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Author
Djokic, Dragoslav
Stanisavljevic, Rade
Markovic, Jordan
Mileusnic, Zoran
Dimitrijevic, Aleksandra
Barac, Sasa
Keywords
weeddodder
curly dock
seed
alfalfa
processing
equipment
purity
korov
vilina kosica
štavelj
seme
lucerka
dorada
sistem mašina
čistoća
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Show full item recordAbstract
In the process of alfalfa seed processing, all relevant parameters are directly
dependant on presence of weed species and other impurities in natural seed, as well as on
the equipment used. The higher amount of weed in natural alfalfa seed lowers the total
amount of processed seed, making the processing harder and more expensive. In alfalfa
crop, quarantine weeds are especially harmful, such as dodder (Cuscuta spp.) and curly
dock (Rumex spp.). One of the greatest problems in alfalfa planting is the presence of
harmful parasitic flowering plant dodder (Cuscuta spp.) which is typical weed – alfalfa
parasite that lowers hay and seed production.
The paper shows the results of the analysis of influence different weed content from
two lots of natural alfalfa seed (I, II) of different purity, on the relevant processing
parameters. Processing of the both lots of seed was done on the same equipment. The
relevant parameters that define alfalfa seed processing effects were: pure seed (%), weed
seeds and seeds of other cultures (%), inert matters (%), seed processing time (h),
consumption of active (kWh) and reactive power (kVArh), processed seed quantity (kg),
metal powder (kg) and water (l) consumption, processing output (%) and seed losses
(%). U procesu dorade semena lucerke svi relevantni parametri dorade direktno
zavise od zastupljenosti korovskih vrsta i ostalih primesa u naturalnom semenu, kao i od
sistema mašina koji se koristi za doradu. Veći sadržaj štetnih korova u naturalnom
semenu lucerke smanjuje ukupnu količinu dorađenog semena, otežava i poskupljuje
doradu. U usevu lucerke posebno su štetni karantinski korovi, vilina kosica (Cuscuta
spp.) i štavelj (Rumex spp.). Jedan od najvećih problema u gajenju lucerke je prisustvo
štetne parazitske cvetnice viline kosice (Cuscuta spp.) koja je tipičan korov - parazit
lucerke koji smanjuje proizvodnju sena i semena.
U radu su prikazani rezultati analize uticaja različitog sadržaja semena korova u dve
partije naturalnog semena lucerke (I, II) različitih čistoća, na relevantne parametre
dorade. Dorada obe partije semena obavljala se na istom sistemu mašina. Relevantni
parametri koji definišu efekte dorade semena lucerke bili su: čisto seme (%), seme
korova i seme drugih kultura (%), inertne materije (%), vreme dorade semena (h),
utrošak aktivne (кWh) i reaktivne električne energije (kVArh), količina dorađenog
semena (kg), utrošak metalnog praha (kg) i vode (l), randman dorade (%) i gubici
semena (%).