Justification for the Introduction of Mechanized Harvesting Raspberry in Serbia
Opravdanost uvođenja mehanizovane berbe maline u Srbiji
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Author
Urosevic, Mirko
Radojevic, Rade
Petrovic, Dragan
Bizic, Milica
Keywords
raspberrymechanized harvesting
malina
mehanizovana berba
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Show full item recordAbstract
The collection of fruit for its specifics in many ways different from
harvesting other agricultural crops. When harvesting berries where the ramified bushes
(dissipating the picking), small fruits, the need to harvest done on several occasions,
because the fruits do not ripen at the same time, requires a large proportion of the
workforce. The fact that hand-picking raspberries participate up to 70% of total
production costs, indicates the necessity mechanized harvesting process. In order to
achieve the criteria to grow the crop, which imposes the global market it is necessary to
achieve the level of quality and quantity of production. Therefore, intense raspberry production requires the use of modern agricultural technology in the construction and
cultivation of raspberry, and it is necessary to calculate the cost and production costs to
maintain competitiveness in the market. Mechanized harvesting process is necessary in
order to hand over to pick the length of time of operations, reduce the number of
employees, increase productivity and reduce costs by up to several times. Ubiranje voća po svojim specifičnostima u mnogome se razlikuje od
ubiranja ostalih poljoprivrednih plodova. Pri ubiranju jagodastog voća gde zbog
razgranatosti žbunova (razgrtanje pri branju), sitnih plodova, potrebe da se berba obavi u
nekoliko navrata, pošto plodovi ne sazrevaju istovremeno, zahteva veliki udeo radne
snage. Činjenica da ručna berba maline učestvuje i do 70 % ukupnih troškova
proizvodnje, upućuje na nužnost mehanizovanja procesa berbe. Da bi se postigli
kriterijumi u proizvodnji maline koje nameće svetsko tržište neophodno je ostvariti nivo
u kvalitetu i kvantitetu proizvodnje. Zbog toga intenzivna proizvodnja maline zahteva
primenu savremene agrotehnike pri podizanju i gajenju malinjaka, a neophodno je
izračunati ekonomičnost i troškove proizvodnje, da bi se održala konkurentnost na
tržištu. Mehanizovanje procesa berbe je neophodno kako bi se u odnosu na ručno branje
skratilo vreme izvođenja operacije, smanjio broj radnika, povećala proizvodnost i
smanjili troškovi čak za nekoliko puta.