Integrated Management of Causal Agents of Postharvest Fruit Rot of Apple
Integralna zaštita jabuka od prouzrokovača truleži u skladištima
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Author
Grahovac, Mila
Indjic, Dusanka
Tanovic, Brankica
Lazic, Sanja
Vukovic, Slavica
Hrustic, Jovana
Gvozdenac, Sonja
Keywords
Apple fruitsRot causal agents
Storage
Integrated management
Jabuka
prouzrokovači truleži
skladištenje
integralna zaštita
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Show full item recordAbstract
One of the major causes of poor quality and fruit loss (during storage and transport)
are diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi. Economic losses which are the consequence
of the phytopathogenic fungus activity after harvest exceed the losses in the field.The
most important postharvest fungal pathogens of apple fruits are: Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex
Fr., Penicillium expansum (Lk.) Thom., Cryptosporiopsis curvispora (Peck.) Grem., Colletotrichum
gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc., Monilinia sp., Gloeosporium album Osterw, Alternaria alternata
(Fr.) Keissler, Cladosporium herbarium Link., Cylindrocarpon mali (Alles.) Wollenw., Stemphylium
botryosum Wallr. The use of available protection technologies can significantly reduce
losses caused by pathogens in storage. The concept of integrated pest management (IPM)
in apple fruits i.e. sustainable approach in control of causal agents of postharvest fruit rot,
using cultural, physical, biological and chemical measures, to minimize economic, health
and risks to consumers and environment, is presented in the paper. Jedan od najznačajnijih uzročnika smanjenja kvaliteta plodova voćaka i mogućih gubitaka
posle berbe jesu bolesti prouzrokovane fitopatogenim gljivama. Ekonomski gubici koji
nastaju kao posledica delovanja fitopatogenih gljiva posle berbe vrlo često premašuju gubitke
u samom procesu proizvodnje.
Kao najznačajniji patogeni plodova jabuke u skladištu navode se gljive: Botrytis cinerea
Pers. ex Fr., Penicillium expansum (Lk.) Thom., Cryptosporiopsis curvispora (Peck.) Grem., Colletotrichum
gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc., Monilinia sp., Gloeosporium album Osterw, Alternaria
alternata (Fr.) Keissler, Cladosporium herbarium Link., Cylindrocarpon mali (Alles.) Wollenw.,
Stemphylium botryosum Wallr. Primena raspoloživih tehnologija zaštite može značajno umanjiti
gubitke prouzrokovane patogenima u skladištu.
U radu je prikazan koncept integralne zaštite jabuke (Integrated Pest Management –
IPM), odnosno održivog pristupa u suzbijanju prouzrokovača truleži plodova u skladištima
primenom agrotehničkih, fizičkih, bioloških i hemijskih mera, na način na koji se minimalizuju
ekonomski, zdravstveni i rizici po potrošače i životnu sredinu.