Potential Use of Insecticides and Mineral Oils for the Control of Transmission of Major Aphid-Transmitted Potato Viruses
Mogućnost primene insekticida i mineralnih ulja u sprečavanju transmisije važnijih virusa krompira koji se prenose biljnim vašima
Pregled/ Otvaranje
Autor
Milosevic, Drago
Stamenkovic, Svetomir
Peric, Pantelija
Ključne reči
PotatoesViruses
Vectors
Insecticides
Control methods
Krompir
virusi
vektori
insekticidi
mere suzbijanja
Metadata
Prikaz svih podataka o dokumentuApstrakt
Viruses occurring in Serbia and other countries in the region are a huge problem constraining
seed potato production. At lower altitudes, in lowland and hilly regions, where
table potato production is widely distributed, more than 50% of healthy plants become
infected with potato virus Y during one growing season. Under these conditions, seed potato
production is hindered due to a high infection pressure of potato virus Y which spreads far
more rapidly compared to leaf roll virus, virus S and other viruses hosted by this plant species.
This study tended to clarify a frequent dilemma regarding the use of insecticides in preventing
the infection of healthy plants with potato virus Y and leaf roll virus, given the oral
and written recommendations from pesticide manufacturers, agronomists and scientists
in the field of crop protection arising from a logical conclusion that aphid vector control
results in virus transmission control.
The present findings, which are in agreement with reports of authors from other countries,
show that the use of insecticides is ineffective in preventing potato virus Y which is
nonpersistently transmitted by aphids from an external source of infection.
However, insecticides can exhibit efficacy in preventing potato virus Y transmission
from infected plants to healthy plants within a crop, which can have an overall positive
effect only if seed potato is grown in areas that have no external source of infection.
The present results and those of other authors show that insecticides are effective in
preventing the infection of healthy plants with persistently transmitted leaf roll virus.
Mineral oils provide effective control of potato virus Y by preventing the infection of
potato plants with the virus. They can be combined with other management practices to
protect seed potato crops against the virus.
Given the fact that the initial first-year infection of healthy potato plants with virus Y in
relation to leaf roll virus is approximately 10-20:1 under conditions in Serbia, and that the use
of insecticides fails to ensure protection against PVY, this practice cannot have any positive
effect on virus control under high infection pressure conditions. Virusi u Srbiji i državama regiona predstavljaju veliki problem i ograničavajući činilac u
proizvodnji semenskog krompira. Na nižim nadmorskim visinama, u ravničarskim i brdskim
područjima, gde je raširena proizvodnja konzumnog krompira, Y virusom se zarazi u toku
jedne vegetacije više od 50% zdravih biljaka. U takvim uslovima nije moguća proizvodnja semenskog
krompira zbog visokog infekcijskog pritiska Y virusom krompira koji se znatno brže
širi u odnosu na virus uvijenosti lišća, S virus krompira i druge viruse čiji je ova biljka domaćin.
U ovom radu smo pokušali razjasniti dilemu, koja se često nameće, da li ima efekta primena
insekticida u cilju sprečavanja zaraze zdravih biljaka Y i virusom uvijenosti lišća krompira
s obzirom na usmene i pisane preporuke, proizvođača pesticida, agronoma i naučnih
radnika iz oblasti zaštite bilja, koje nastaju kao posledica logičkog zaključivanja da suzbijanjem
vektora, biljnih vaši, suzbijamo i prenošenje virusa.
Rezultati naših istraživanja, što je u saglasnosti i sa rezultatima istraživača iz drugih zemalja,
pokazuju da primena insekticida nema efekta na sprečavanje prenošenja Y virusa, koji
se vašima prenosi na neperzistentan način, sa spoljnog izvora zaraze.
Međutim, primena insekticida može imati efekta u sprečavanju prenošenja Y-VKr sa zaraženih
na zdrave biljake unutar useva krompira, a to može imati ukupan pozitivni efekat samo
ako se semenski krompir uzgaja u područjima bez spoljnog izvora zaraze.
Naši, i rezultati drugih istraživača pokazuju da primena insekticida radi sprečavanja zaraze
zdravih biljaka virusom uvijenosti lišća koji se prenosi na perzistentan način ima efekta.
U zaštiti biljaka krompira od infekcije Y-VKr su efikasna mineralna ulja koja sprečavaju infekciju
biljaka ovim virusom i koja se mogu koristiti sa drugim merama u sistemu zaštite semenskog
useva krompira od ovog virusa.
S obzirom na činjenicu da je, u našim uslovima, početna jednogodišnja zaraza zdravih
biljaka krompira Y virusom u odnosu na virus uvijenosti lišća približno 10-20:1, a primena insekticida
ne osigurava zaštitu od Y-VKr, onda ova mera ne može imati nikakvog pozitivnog
efekta u suzbijanju virusa u uslovima visokog infekcijskog pritiska.