Thermodynamic Characterisation of Early Phytotoxic Effects of Sulfonylurea Herbicides to Maize Lines
Termodinamička karakterizacija ranih efekata fitotoksičnosti sulfonilurea herbicida kod linija kukuruza
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Author
Dragicevic, Vesna
Simic, Milena
Brankov, Milan
Spasojevic, Igor
Secanski, Mile
Kresovic, Branka
Keywords
NicosulfuronHerbicides
Phytotoxicity
Thermodynamics
Energy
Nikosulfuron
herbicidi
fitotoksičnost
termodinamika
energija
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Show full item recordAbstract
Variations in susceptibility of maize lines to herbicides depend on different factors.
Visible signs of phytotoxicity do not occur in the first few days after application when plants
are tolerant to some herbicides. The aim of our experiment was to study susceptibility of
16 ZP lines to nicosulfuron and foramsulfuron 48 hours after application in the 2006-2009
period. The alterations in dry matter content, as well as thermodynamic parameters of free
energy and enthalpy, were analyzed. The examined parameters show that season had a significant
influence on phytotoxicity expression, with high EWRC values obtained together
with high values of free energy and dry matter during the cold season with lower precipitation
level (period after herbicide application). In susceptible lines, the phytotoxic effect
induced an increase in dry matter and free energy. Phytotoxic effects of nicosulfuron and
foramsulfuron have basically different impact on system energetic properties: the effects of
nicosulfuron could be connected to greater energy consumption, and the effects of foramsulfuron
to increasing potential energy, mainly from metabolism, which could be associated
with a “metabolic burst”. From that point of view, the examined parameters can be successfully
used as indicators of herbicide stress immediately after application. Variranja osetljivosti linija kukuruza na herbicide zavise od različitih faktora. Prvi znaci fitotoksičnosti,
odnosno tolerantnosti na neke herbicide mogu biti prisutni već tokom prvih
dana nakon primene herbicida, dok još nisu ispoljeni vidljivi znaci. Cilj rada je bio da se ispita
osetljivost 16 ZP linija kukuruza na nikosulfuron i foramsulfuron, 48 sati nakon njihove primene
tokom 2006-2009. godine. Analizirane su promene sadržaja suve materije, kao i termodinamičkih
parametara tj. slobodne energije i entalpije. Ispitivani parametri su pokazali
da sezona ima značajan uticaj na ispoljavanje fitotoksičnosti. Visoke vrednosti fitotoksičnosti
su dobijene paralelno sa visokim vrednostima slobodne energije i suve materije tokom
hladne sezone sa nižim nivoom padavina u periodu nakon primene herbicida. Fitotoksični
efekti su kod osetljivih linija doveli do povećanja suve materije i slobodne energije. Fitotoksični
efekti nikosulfurona i foramsulfurona su se suštinski drugačije ispoljili na energetske karakteristike
sistema: efekti nikosulfurona bi mogli biti vezani za veću potrošnju energije, dok
bi efekti foramsulfurona mogli biti vezani za povećanje energetskog potencijala, uglavnom
preko metabolizma, što bi moglo da ukazuje na „metaboličku eksploziju“. Sa te tačke gledišta,
ispitivani parametri bi mogli uspešno da se koriste kao indikatori stresa izazvanog herbicidima,
neposredno nakon njihove primene.