Residual Toxicity of Abamectin, Chlorpyrifos, Cyromazine, Indoxacarb and Spinosad on Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Greenhouse Conditions
Rezidualna toksičnost abamektina, hlorpirifosa, ciromazina, indoksakarba i spinosada za Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) u uslovima stakleničke proizvodnje
Pregled/ Otvaranje
Autor
Saryazdi, Ghasem Askari
Hejazi, Mir Jalil
Saber, Moosa
Ključne reči
Liriomyza trifoliiInsecticides
Toxicity
Residues
insekticidi
toksičnost
rezidue
Metadata
Prikaz svih podataka o dokumentuApstrakt
Liriomyza trifolii is an important pest of vegetable crops in many parts of the world
including Iran. In this study potted bean plants were sprayed with recommended field
rates of abamectin, chlorpyrifos, cyromazine, indoxacarb and spinosad. To assess the residual
activities of these insecticides, the plants were infested with L. trifolii adults 2 hours; 1, 3,
5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 35 days after insecticidal treatments. The adults were allowed to stay
on treated plants for eight hours. The treated plants were kept in a greenhouse. Number
of feeding stipples and larval mines on leaves, as well as pupation and adult eclosion rates
were assessed. Two-way ANOVA procedure of SAS was used for statistical analysis and
the treatment means were separated using Duncan’s multiple range test. Abamectin and
spinosad severely affected egg hatching and embryonic development. Eggs oviposited in
leaves with residues of chlorpyrifos up to 5 days old, had reduced hatching. Larval development
was also, affected by residues of chlorpyrifos up to four weeks old. Indoxacarb
reduced larval development and adult eclosion in treatments with up to 20 days old residues.
Cyromazine had no effect on the number of larval mines, but, pupation was severely
hampered and adult eclosion was completely ceased even in treatments with five weeks
old residues. Determining the residual activity of insecticides used for controlling this pest
is useful in avoiding unnecessary treatments. Liriomyza trifolii je značajna štetočina povrtarskih biljaka u mnogim delovima sveta
uključujući i Iran. U ovom radu, biljke pasulja uzgojene u saksijama su prskane preporučenim
dozama abamektina, hlorpirifosa, ciromazina, indoksakarba i spinosada. U cilju procene rezidualne
toksičnosti ovih insekticida biljke su infestirane imagom L. trifolii u trajanju od 2 časa;
1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 25 i 35 dana nakon tretmana insekticidima. Imagu je bilo dozvoljeno da
se zadrži na tretiranim biljkama osam časova. Tretirane biljke su čuvane u stakleniku. U radu
je ocenjen broj tačkastih oštećenja usled ishrane i broj mina na listovima, kao i stepen
ulutkavanja i eklozije imaga. Podaci su obrađeni dvofaktorijalnom analizom varijanse u SAS
programu, a primenjen je i Dankanov test višestrukih poređenja. Abamektin i spinosad su
značajno uticali na piljenje i embrionalni razvoj. Piljenje iz jaja položenih u listove sa reziduama
hlopirifosa starim do pet dana je bilo smanjeno. Razvoj larvi je takođe bio pod uticajem
rezidua hlorpirifosa starosti do četiri nedelje. Indoksakarb je uticao na smanjenje razvoja
larvi i ekloziju imaga u tretmanima sa reziduama starim do 20 dana. Ciromazin nije uticao
na broj mina, ali je ulutkavanje bilo značajno ometeno, a eklozija imaga u potpunosti
zaustavljena čak i u tretmanima sa pet nedelja starim reziduama. Određivanje rezidualne
aktivnosti insekticida koji se koriste za kontrolu ove štetočine je korisno sa aspekta izostavljanja
nepotrebnih tretmana.