Foraging Activity of Four Bee Species on Sesame Flowers During Two Successive Seasons in Ismailia Governorate, Egypt
Ispaša èetiri vrste pèela na cvetovima susama tokom dve uzastopne godine u oblasti Ismailija u Egiptu
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Author
Kamel, Soliman
Mahfouz, Hatem
Blal, Abd Elfatah H.
Abd El-Wahed, Maysa Said
Mahmoud, Mahmoud Farag
Keywords
Sesame flowersBees
Foraging activity
Cvetovi susama
pčele
ispaša
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Show full item recordAbstract
Foraging activity of four bee species, Apis mellifera L., Osmia spp., Ceratina tarsata
Morawitz and Xylocopa pubescens Spinola on sesame flowers was studied during two successive
seasons of 2011 and 2012. Experimental observations were made during four periods
of the day: 9:00-11:00 am, 11:00 am-1:00 pm, 1:00-3:00 pm and 3:00-5:00 pm, starting
from initial flowering until the final session. Observation time was five minutes during each
period and four bee species were observed visiting each square meter area. Five spots of 1
m2 area were selected randomly, and the number of different species of bees visiting was
counted for five minutes by using electronic stopwatch, voice recorder and digital video
camera. The results of the study indicated that the four bee species were most abundant
on sesame flowers between 11:00 am and 1:00 pm, and between 1:00 and 3:00 pm. Among
the bees, Apis mellifera was the predominant species, followed by Ceratina tarsata, in the
season of 2011, while a reverse order of the two was recorded in 2012. The average time
spent per flower was highly significantly different among these four species. Ispaša četiri vrste pčela, Apis mellifera L., Osmia spp., Ceratina tarsata Morawitz i Xylocopa
pubescens Spinola, proučavana je na cvetovima susama tokom dve uzastopne godine,
2011. i 2012. Eksperimentalna posmatranja obavljena su tokom četiri perioda u toku
dana: 9:00-11:00, 11:00-13:00, 13:00-15:00 i 15:00-17:00, u vreme između početka cvetanja
i poslednjeg pregleda. Tokom svakog perioda, posmatranje je obavljeno u vremenu od
pet minuta, a četiri vrste pčela su zabeležene u svakom kvadratnom metru. Pet tačaka od
po 1 m2 izabrano je po principu slučajnog uzorka, a pčele različitih vrsta brojane su tokom
pet minuta pomoću elektronske štoperice, diktafona i digitalne video-kamere. Rezultati
pokazuju da je najveći broj pčela sve četiri vrste posetilo cvetove susama između
11:00 i 13:00, i između 13:00 i 15:00. Među pčelama Apis mellifera je bila najzastupljenija vrsta,
a potom Ceratina tarsata tokom 2011. godine, dok je naredne 2012. godine redosled
ove dve vrste bio obrnut. Prosečno vreme zadržavanja na cvetu se vrlo značajno razlikovalo
za ove četiri vrste.