Induction of Feathers on One-Year-Old Apple Trees Cultivar Golden Delicious Using Benzyladenine and Gibberelins 4+7

Abstract

In the production of one-year apple trees some cultivars exhibit poor feathering. The Golden Delicious cultivar has a relatively good tendency to grow feathers but under standard technologies in the production of unbranched trees it forms very few feathers at 62-64 cm above ground. Phytohormones BA and BA+GA 4+7 significantly affected the formation of feathers on apple trees. In this research the solutions of BA and BA+GA 4+7 in the concentrations from 200 to 450 µl/l of active ingredient BA were applied three times at 7-day intervals during vegetation. At the end of vegetation, the following parameters were measured: the total number of feathers, the total feather length, the mean feather length and tree height. Increasing concentrations of BA and BA+ GA 4+7 to a certain limit leads to an increase in the num- ber and total length of feathers. The Golden Delicious cultivar tends to form feathers of different lengths in a nursery. A significant variation was found in the mean feather length with different treatments. The application of BA phytohormone in higher concentrations can negatively affect the tree height.

U proizvodnji jednogodišnjih sadnica jabuke kod nekih sorti je otežano formiranje prevremenih grančica. Sorta Zlatni Delišes ima relativno dobru sklonost ka formiranju prevremenih grančica, ali pri standardnoj tehnologiji gajenja koja se primenjuje kod proizvodnje sadnica bez prevremenih grančica veoma slabo obrazuje bočne poraste na 62-64 cm visine od zemlje. Fitohormoni BA i BA+GA 4+7 značajno utiču na formiranje prevremenih grančica kod sadnica jabuke. U ovom istraživanju korišćeni su preparati na bazi BA i BA+GA 4+7 u koncentracijama od 200 do 450 µl l -1 aktivne materija BA tri puta tokom vegetacije u razmaku od 7 dana. Na kraju vegetacije mereni su parametri: ukupan broj prevremenih grančica, ukupna dužina prevremenih grančica, prosečna dužina prevremenih grančica i visina sadnice. Povećavanjem koncetracije BA i BA+GA 4+7 do određene granice povećava se i broj i ukupna dućina prevremenih grančica. Sorta Zlatni Delišes ima sklonost ka formiranju prevremenih grančica različite dužine u rasadniku. U tretmanima je zabeleženo značajno variranje parametra prosečna dužina prevremenih grančica. Primena fitohormona BA može negativno da utiče na visinu sadnice pri primeni viših koncentracija.