Methods for Determination of Pesticide Adsorption Properties and Examination of Their Mobility in Soil
Metode za određivanje adsorpcionih karakteristika pesticida i ispitivanje njihove mobilnosti u zemljištu
View/ Open
Author
Djurovic, Rada
Keywords
PesticidesSoil
Adsorption
Degradation
Migration
Pesticidi
zemljište
adsorpcija
degradacija
migracija
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Pesticide destiny in soil depends on a number of factors, as well as on presence and
intensity of the processes such as adsorption, degradation, evaporation, rinsing and leaching.
Since adsorption processes govern concentration of the free fraction of pesticide molecules,
researches in this area are primarily focused on examination of this process, more
precisely on determination of adsorption constants and adsorption/desorption isotherms
which provide determination of the most responsible soil properties for the retention of
the tested pesticides in the soil. Since rinsing across the soil profile is the most frequent and
its intensity is indirectly determined by intensity of adsorption processes, determination
of adsorption constants of pesticides provides determination of rinsing potential for these
substances across the soil profile.
Methods for determination of pesticides adsorption properties and examination of their
mobility in soil, primarily across the soil profile, are presented in the paper. Special emphasis
is placed on the „batch“ method, which is currently the most common, and which was actually
proposed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Sudbina pesticida u zemljištu zavisi od mnoštva faktora, kao i od zastupljenosti i inteziteta
procesa, kao što su adsorpcija, degradacija, isparavanje, ispiranje, spiranje, itd. S obzirom
da adsorpcioni procesi regulišu koncentraciju slobodne frakcije molekula pesticida,
istraživanja u ovoj oblasti su pre svega usmerena na proučavanje ovog procesa, tačnije na
određivanje adsorpcionih konstanti i adsorpciono/desorpcionih izotermi koji omogućavaju
utvrđivanje karakteristika zemljišta najodgovornijih za zadržavanje ispitivanih pesticida
u zemljištu. S obzirom da je od transportnih procesa ispiranje po profilu zemljišta najzastupljenije,
i da je njegov intenzitet indirektno određen intenzitetom adsorpcionih procesa,
određivanje adsorpcionih konstanti pesticida omogućava i utvrđivanje potencijala ka ispiranju
ovih jedinjenja po profilu zemljišta.
U ovom radu su predstavljene metode za određivanje adsorpcionih karakteristika pesticida
i ispitivanje njihove mobilnosti u zemljištu, pre svega ispiranja po profilu zemljišta. Poseban
akcenat je stavljen na „batch“ metodu, koja je danas najviše zastupljena, i koja je između
ostalog i predložena od strane Organizacije za ekonomsku saradnju i razvoj (OECD).