Systems of organic farming in spring vetch II: Biological response of Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall and Coccinella septempunctata L
Sistemi organske proizvodnje obične grahorice II: Biološki dgovor Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall and Coccinella septempunctata L
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Author
Nikolova, Ivelina
Georgieva, Natalia
Keywords
Organic farmingSpring vetch
Predatory insects
Biopesticides
Organska proizvodnja
Obična grahorica
Predatori
Biopesticidi
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Show full item recordAbstract
The effects of four systems of organic farming of spring vetsch on Aeolothrips intermedius
Bagnall (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) and Coccinella septempunctata L. (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae) population density and the toxicity of several products on predatory insects were studied. The variants were: Control (without using any biological products); combined treatment with Polyversum (biological foliar fertilizer) and Biofa (biological plant growth regulator); treatment with NeemAzal T/S (biological insecticide, a.i. azadirachtin) and treatment with a combination of NeemAzal with Polyversum and Biofa. Variant V was a conventional farming system in which a combination of Nurelle D (synthetic insecticide), Masterblend (foliar fertilizer) and Flordimex 420 (growth regulator) was used as a standard treatment. In the organic farming system that included treatment of plants with the biological insecticide NeemAzal (azadirachtin), the reduction in A. intermedius abundance was 20.7% when it was applied alone and 24.6 % in combination with the organic products Polyversum and Biofa. NeemAzal achieved a lower reduction in the counts of predatory ladybirds C. septempunctata, from 14.9% (alone) to 21.9% (combination). The biological insecticide, applied alone or in combination, was mostly harmless and rarely harmful to A. intermedius. NeemAzal manifested harmlessness to C. septempunctata as its toxic action did not exceed 25%. An analysis of variance regarding product toxicity to A. intermedius and C. septempunctata
demonstrated that the type of treatment (the application of insecticides alone or in combination) had the strongest effect on product toxicity. Тhe use of neem-based insecticides can be a substantial contribution towards preservation of biodiversity in ecosystems. Proučavano je delovanje četiri sistema organske proizvodnje obične grahorice na gustinu
populacija
Aeolothrips intermedius
Bagnall (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) and
Coccinella
septempunctata
L. (
Coleoptera: Coccinellidae
) i toksičnost nekoliko preparata za predatore.
Varijante ogleda su bile: kontrola (bez korišćenja bioloških preparata); kombinovana primena
Polyversum (biološko folijarno đubrivo) i Biofa (biološki regulator rasta biljaka); tretman
preparatom NeemAzal T/S (biološki insekticid (a.s. azadirahtin) i tretman kombinacijom
NeemAzal sa Polyversum i Biofa. Varijanta V sastojala se od klasičnog sistema uzgajanja
u kojem su primenjeni preparati Nurelle D (sintetički insekticid), Masterblend (folijarno
đubrivo) i Flordimex 420 (regulator rasta) kao standardni tretman. U sistemima organske
proizvodnje u kojima je primenjen biološki insekticid NeemAzal (azadirahtin), smanjenje
broja
A. intermedius
bilo je 20,7% kada je primenjen samo insekticid i 24,6 % u kombinaciji sa
organskim preparatima Polyversum i Biofa. NeemAzal je postigao manje smanjenje brojnosti
predatora
C. septempunctata
, od 14,9 (sam) do 21,9% (u kombinaciji). Biološki insekticid, bilo
da je primenjen sam ili u kombinaciji, bio je uglavnom bezopasan za
A. intermedius
u retkim
slučajevima slabo štetan. NeemAzal se pokazao bezopasnim za
C. septempunctata
pošto
toksično delovanje u tom slučaju nije prelazilo 25%. Analiza varijanse kod toksičnosti preparata
za
A. intermedius
i
C. septempunctata
pokazala je da je vrsta tretmana (primena insekticida
samog ili u kombinaciji) imala najsnažniji efekat na toksičnost preparata. Korišćenje insekticida
na bazi nim drveta može značajno doprineti očuvanju biodiverziteta ekosistema.