Effects of Crop Density and Herbicide Application on Floristic Composition and Structure of Maize Weed Community
Uticaj gustine useva i primene herbicida na floristicki sastav i gradu korovske zajednice kukuruza (Zea mays L.)
View/ Open
Author
Stanojevic, Milena
Keywords
maizeweeds
weed community
crop density
herbicide application
hybrid
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
The distribution of weeds in maize hybrids grown in different crop densities with and without herbicide application was observed in the present study. The floristic composition and structure of weed community were estimated according to the occurrence of distributed weed species, number of their plants and their mass per area unit. These parameters were monitored as they more precisely determine competitive effects of different maize crop densities on weeds. Furthermore, effects of mentioned factors on maize grain yield were studied. The analysis of variance for the RCB design, within statistical and biometrical procedures, alongside with LSD- and t-test, as a correlation analysis between dry weight of weeds and maize plant height and grain yield were used for data processing in relation to the observed densities and hybrids (Steel and Torrie, 1960). Obtained results indicate that the increase of crop densities statistically significantly affected decreasing of the number of plants per species and weight of weeds. In comparison with the nontreated variant, the variant with herbicide application showed that this application resulted in significant decrease of weed species, number of plants per species, fresh and dry weight. The number of weed plants per species was higher in the hybrid H1 (ZPSC 42A) than in the hybrid H2 (ZPSC 704) in both years. The average maize plant heights statistically significantly differed in dependence on the herbicide application and a hybrid. The crop density affected leaf area, leaf area index and number of leaves per maize plant. Grain yield of maize was the highest in the highest density (D3) when herbicides were applied (T) and in the hybrid H2 during both years of investigation. U radu je proucavana zastupljenost vrsta korova u hibridima kukuruza
gajenim u razlicitim gustinama useva u uslovima sa i bez primene herbicida.
Ocenjivan je floristicki sastav i grada korovske zajednice na osnovu zastupljenosti
prisutnih vrsta korova, broja njihovih jedinki i mase po jedinici
povrsine kao pokazatelja koji preciznije odreduju kompetitivno delovanje
razlicitih gustina kukuruza na korove. Pored toga proucavano je delovanje
navedenih faktora na neke morfoloske osobine i prinos zrna kukuruza. U
okviru statisticko-biometrijskih metoda obrade podataka korisceni su analiza
varijanse za RCB dizajn, LSD- it-test kao i korelaciona analiza izmedu suve
mase korova i visine biljaka i prinosa zrna kukuruza u zavisnosti od ispitivanih
gustina i hibrida (Steel i Torrie, 1960). Rezultati istrazivanja su pokazali da je
povecanje gustine useva statisticki vrlo znacajno uticalo na smanjenje broja
jedinki i mase korova. U uslovima primene herbicida utvrdeno je znacajno
manje vrsta korova, njihovih jedinki, sveze i suve mase u odnosu na varijantu
bez primene herbicida. Broj jedinki korova bio je, u obe godine, veci kod hibrida
H]. Prosecne vrednosti visine biljaka kukuruza su se statisticki vrlo
znacajno razlikovale u zavisnosti od primene herbicida i hibrida. Gustina useva
uticala je.na velicinu lisne povrsine, indeks lisne povrsine i broj listova po biljci
kukuruza. Prinos zrna kukuruza bio je veci u najvecoj gustini (G3) , u uslovirna
primene herbicida (T) i kod hibrida Hz, u obe godine ispitivanja.