Effect of Fertilization on Different Variants Quantity and Quality of Grain of Wheat

Abstract

The research examined the effect of different ways of fertilization on the 1000 grain yield and protein content of wheat. For research was used wheat variety Pobeda. The experiment was set in two variants with and without diazotrophs. For both variants was performed before seeding fertilization and tilled complex NPK fertilizer in four levels with a ratio of nutrients 8:24:16 and variant Đ2 250 kg ha-1, Đ3-375 kg ha-1 and Đ4 500 kg ha-1. During supplemental feeding wheat entered the urea in an amount of Đ2-108 kg ha-1 Đ3-196 kg ha-1 Đ4-260 kg ha-1. Inoculation of seeds with a mixture of different types of diazotrophs (Azotobacter chroococcum, Azospirillum lipoferum, Pseudomonas fluorosciencs, Bacillus subtilis) was conducted before seeding. The same a mixture of diazotrophe was conducted with foliar treatment in the phase of tillering in an amount of tillering 5 l ha-1. At the end of the vegetation it has been established that the studied traits were increased in the variant with the application diazotrophs in all variants of fertilization. 1000 grain weight was increased by 5,54%. The highest 1000 grain weight was the variants Đ2 39,5 g. The height yield with inoculation was increased by 7.78%. There is a correlative relationship between nitrogen dose and the yield. The regression line shows the trend of rising yields, which was not in high correlation with large amounts of mineral nitrogen. The protein content was increased by 7.38%.

U istraživanjima je ispitivan uticaj različitih načina đubrenja na masu 1000 zrna, visinu prinosa pšenice i sadržaj proteina. Za istraživanja se koristila pšenica sorte Pobeda. Ogled je postavljen u dve varijante sa i bez primene diazotrofa. Za obe varijante ogleda obavljeno je predsetveno đubrenje i zaorano kompleksno NPK mineralno đubrivo u četiri nivoa sa odnosom hraniva 8:24:16 i to za varijantu Đ2 250 kg ha-1, Đ3-375 kg ha-1 i Đ4 500 kg ha-1. Prilikom prihrane pšenice uneta je urea u količini Đ2-108 kg ha-1 Đ3-196 kg ha-1 Đ4-260 kg ha-1. Pred setvu je obavljena inokulacija semena sa smešom različitih vrsta diazotrofa Azotobacter chroococcum, Azospirillum lipoferum, Pseudomonas fluorosciencs, Bacillus subtilis. Istom smešom diazotrofa je obavljen folijarni tretman u fazi vlatanja u količini od 5 l ha-1. Na kraju vegetacije utvrđeno je da su ispitivane osobine bile povećane u varijanti sa primenom diazotrofa u svim varijantama đubrenja. Masa 1000 zrna bila povećana za 5,54%. Najveća masa 1000 zrna bila pri đubrenju Đ2 39,5 g. Visina prinosa pri inokulaciji bila je poveća za 7,78%. Postojala je korelativna zavisnost između količina primenjenog azota i visine prinosa, a linija regresije pokazuje trend rasta prinosa koji nije bio u visokoj korelaciji sa velikim količinama mineralnog azota. Sadržaj proteina bio je povećan za 7,38%.