The Maintenance of Roller Bearings at Agricultural Machines

Abstract

Agricultural production is a seasonal activity and will probably still be such a long time. During the season, agricultural machines are exposed to the effect of heavy loads, work in muddy, dusty, and smokily and wet working conditions. To be profitable, the demands that are placed before them as minimum maintenance, high productivity and maximum comfort and safety for machine operators. The complexity of today's processes that are used on machines in agriculture tend to introduce new methods of calculation, monitoring and diagnosis of their condition, asking that the maintenance workers at a certain level of knowledge and training. Special emphasis should be monitoring put on roller bearings, because they are factors of vital importance for all machines in agriculture. The aim of this work was to point out the modern procedures used in exploitation and maintenance of roller bearings on agricultural machinery. Subject given research, still listed in the paper referred to as the stationary machines and mobile agricultural machinery, such as: agricultural tractors, harvesters, loaders and other self-propelled and drawn special purpose machines.

Poljoprivredna proizvodnja je sezonska delatnost i verovatno će još dugo vremena biti takva. U toku sezone poljoprivredne mašine su izložene dejstvu teških tereta, radu u blatnjavim, prašnjavim, zadimnjenim pa i vlažnim radnim uslovima. Da bi bile isplative, zahtevi koji se stavljaju pred njih su minimalno održavanje, visoka produktivnost, kao i maksimalna udobnost i sigurnost za rukovaoce mašina. Složenost današnjih procesa koji se koriste na mašinama u poljoprivredi teže ka uvođenju novih metoda za proračun, praćenje i dijagnostiku njihovog stanja, tražeći tako od radnika na održavanju mašina određen nivo znanja i obučenosti. Naročit akcenat praćenja stanja trebalo bi staviti na kotrljajne ležajeve, jer su oni faktori od vitalnog značaja za sve mašine u poljoprivredi. Cilj rada bio je da ukaže na savremene postupke koje se koriste u eksploataciji i održavanju kotrljajnih ležajeva na poljoprivrednim mašinama. Predmet datih istraživanja, dalje navedenih u radu odnosili su se kako na stacionarne mašine, tako i na mobilne poljoprivredne mašine, poput: poljoprivrednih traktora, kombajna, utovarivača i ostalih samohodnih i vučenih mašina specijalne namene.