Efficiency and Emission of Gassis From Thermal Plants on Biomass

Abstract

Use of crop residues as fuel has a long tradition in Vojvodina, as an agricultural region in the Pannonian plaine. Numerous biomass-fueled facilities were built during the eighties – among those were small facilities for household heating, with thermal powers ranging from 5 to 100 kW, medium-size facilities for farm and foil green-houses, with thermal powers of 100 to 1000 kW, and large facilities for processing in agricultural industry, with thermal powers larger than 1000 kW. Efficiency rate and emission of pollutants were measured only in several cases. Low efficiency rate and high pollutant emission affect both cost-effective exploitation and the environment. This can be ascribed to underdefined national legislation in this area and high costs of measurement termal plants.

Korišćenje biljnih ostataka kao goriva ima dugu tradiciju u Vojvodini, kao poljoprivrednoj oblasti u Panonskoj niziji. Mnogobrojna termička postrojenja na biomasu bila su izgrađena za vreme osamdesetih godina - između ostalih mala postrojenja za zagrevanje domaćinstava, sa termičkom snagom od 5 do 100 kW, postrojenja srednje veličine za farme i plastenike, sa termičkom snagom od 100 do 1000 kW i velika postrojenja za procesiranje proizvoda u poljoprivrednoj industriji, sa termičkom snagom većom od 1000 kW. Stepen energetske efikasnosti i emisija gasova zagađivača bila je merena samo u nekoliko slučajeva. Nizak stepen energetske efikasnosti i visoka emisija gasova zagađivača utiču na troškove eksploatacije i na zaštitu okolne sredine. Razlog tome je nedostatak nacionalnih propisa u ovoj oblasti i visoki troškovi sprovođenja merenja termičkih postrojenja.