The Selected Problems of the Study on the Quality of Mineral Fertilizer Sowing with Disc Spreaders

Abstract

The aim of this study was the influence of working parameters of mineral fertilizer on quality of sowing. The application of fertilizers is conducted with a particular accuracy, mainly characterized by a variation coefficient connected with the surface irregularity (the longitudinal and transverse one in relation to the direction of the unit ride) of the distribution of a fertilizer dose on a field surface. The irregularity of fertilizer spread is a phenomenon which occurs in every case of fertilizer application, both by hand and a machine. Generally, two types of irregularity can be identified, i.e. the punctual and belt one (the transverse and longitudinal one). The punctual irregularity results from a random of fertilizer granules or grains sowed using any method and it is measured on definite, small areas. The belt irregularity results from diverse fertilizer mass distribution in transverse and longitudinal directions in relation to the movement of the distributor.

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je uticaj radnih parametara mineralnog đubriva na kvalitet rasipanja. Aplikacija đubriva izvodi se posebnom tačnošću, koja se najviše karakteriše koeficijentom varijacije u zavisnosti od nepravilnosti (longitudinalna i transverzalna u zavisnosti od pravca kretanja rasipača) distribucije norme đubrenja po površini parcele. Nepravilnost u rasipanju se javlja pri svakoj aplikaciji đubriva, kako pri ručnom, tako i pri mašinskom rasipanju. Generalno, mogu se definisati dva tipa nepravilnosti: tačkasta i trakasta (transverzalna i longitudinalna). Tačkasta nepravilnost je rezultat neujednačenosti granula đubriva ili semena, pri rasipanju ili setvi na bilo koji način, a meri se na maloj ograničenoj površini. Trakasta nepravilnost nastaje zbog različite raspodele mase đubriva u transverzalnim i longitudinalnim pravcima, u zavisnosti od pravca kretanja rasipača.