Energy Efficiency of Protected Crop Production of Peppers Regarding Different Types of Polyethylen Films
Energetska efikasnost proizvodnje paprike u zaštićenom prostoru u funkciji primene različitih tipova polietilenskih (pe) folija
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Author
Momirovic, Nebojsa
Oljaca, Mico
Dolijanovic, Zeljko
Postic, Dobrivoje
Keywords
greenhousessystem of double films
energy efficiency
mulch films
plastenici
sistem dvostrukih folija
energetska efikasnost
malč folije
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Using of different types of modern PE films has afforded several benefits in
climate control inside of greenhouse: intensity and spectral characteristics of sunlight, air
temperature and humidity, soil temperature and soil moisture. At the same time it is
possible to achieve significant savings of resources, machines and labor cost, as well as
efficient control of plant diseases, pests and weeds, thus in the field of integral pests
management (IPM) of vegetables, flowers and herbs the most common use under
protected space it have photo elective films. With the combination of insect proof nets,
UV blocking or antivirus films have decrease application of pesticides for the
suppression of pests and diseases. System of double polyethylene films have, regarding
glass, several advantages especially during the summer, when it is much easier to keep
the temperature regime, since overheated glass have emitted infra red waves between
7000 and 15000 nm increasing additionally temperature inside.
Effects of application of particular PE films and methods of its combination in order
to achieve better energy efficiency of the protected cultivation of peppers have been
presented in this work. Energy consumption analysis of pepper production depending of
polyethylene film types, mulch films types and thickness of agro textile, have shown that
advanced crop models could achieved high energy efficiency, because of higher yields
of bell peppers with exportable quality and value, even though higher inputs. Significant
influence of consistency and color of mulch films on the character of diffused light and
soil temperature regime, as well on the yield, quality and financial results in peppers
production have been listed. Upotreba različitih tipova savremenih polietilenskih folija omogućila je niz
prednosti u kontroli najvažnijih faktora klime u plastenicima: intenziteta i spektralnog
sastava svetlosti, temperature i vlažnosti vazduha, temperature i sadržaja vlage u
zemljištu. Istovremeno su moguće i znatne uštede resursa mašina i ljudskog rada,
efikasna kontrola biljnih bolesti, korova i štetočina, tako da u oblasti integralnih sistema
gajenja povrća, cveća i začinskog bilja (IPM) najznačajniju primenu u zaštićenom
prostoru imaju foto selektivne folije. U kombinaciji sa insekt proof mrežama UV
blocking, ili AV-antivirusne folije, smanjuju primenu insekticida u suzbijanju pojave
štetočina i biljnih bolesti. Sistem dvostrukih PE folija ima, u odnosu na staklo, niz
prednosti, koje su posebno izražene u letnjem periodu, kada je u savremenim objektima
zaštićenog prostora mnogo lakše održavati temperaturni režim, jer pregrejano staklo
emituje dugotalasno zračenje od 7000 do 15000 nm i dopunski povećava temperaturu
unutrašnjeg prostora.
U ovom radu prikazani su efekti primene pojedinih tipova PE folija i načina
njihovih kombinovanja u postizanju veće energetske efikasnosti proizvodnje u
zaštićenom prostoru. Energetska analiza proizvodnje paprike u zavisnosti od tipa PE
folije, folija za nastiranje zemljišta i debljine agrotekstila, pokazala je da napredni crop
modeli, zahvaljujući visokom prinosu kvalitetne babure izvozne tržišnosti, ostvaruju
visoku energetsku efikasnost bez obzira na povećana energetska ulaganja. Ustanovljen je
značajan uticaj sastava i boje folija za nastiranje zemljišta na karakter reflektovane
svetlosti i na temperaturni režima zemljišta, kao i na prinos, kvalitet i finansijski rezultat
u proizvodnji paprike.