The Results of the Investigation of the Thinlined Seedrills During the Sowing of the Rye in the Agroekological Conditions of the Northern Part of Kosovo and Metohia

Abstract

Rye is a farming culture that is important as bread wheat. It is excellent fodder either the green or in the bran, flour or grain. The rye grain is used for the production of alcohol, vinegar and starch, cellulose, lignin, furfurol, good quality paper and seeds in the pharmaceutical industry. The process of production of rye grain on the principle of ''grain-grain'', can also occur through the sowing of winter rye. Sowing units take up important role in the technological process of sowing of winter rye as the dominant in agro-ecological conditions in northern Kosovo and Metohija. The very process of sowing is followed by a series of specific features that interact with the effects of applied work of narrow line seeder significantly affect the amount of actual yield of winter rye and profitability of its production. It is practically impossible to remove omission in the process of winter rye sowing. The aim of this research was to determine the quality and reliability of different narrow line seeder of rye based on field-laboratory research and exploitation in the agro-ecological conditions of northern Kosovo and Metohija, depending on defined parameters. These results indicate the advantages and disadvantages of the applied sowing aggregates concepts.

Raž predstavlja ratarsku kulturu koja je značajna kao hlebno žito, odlična je stočna hrana, bilo za zeleno, bilo u mekinjama, brašnu ili zrnu. U industriji se zrno koristi i za proizvodnju alkohola, skroba i sirćeta, celuloze, lignina, furfurola i hartije dobrog kvaliteta a klica u farmaceutskoj industriji. Proces proizvodnje raži po principu ''zrno-zrno'', može se odvijati kroz setvu ozime i jare raži. Značajno mesto u tehnološkom postupku setve ozime raži kao dominantne u agroekološkim uslovima severnog Kosova i Metohije, zauzimaju setveni agregati. Sam proces setve praćen je nizom specifičnosti, koje u interakciji sa efektima rada primenjenih uskoredih sejalica značajno utiču na visinu ostvarenih prinosa ozime raži i rentabilnost proizvodnje ove ratarske kulture. Učinjene propuste u procesu setve ozime raži kasnije praktično nije moguće otkloniti. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se na osnovu poljsko-laboratorijskih i eksploatacionih istraživanja utvrdi kvalitet rada i pouzdanost u radu različitih uskoredih sejalica pri setvi raži u agroekološki uslovima severnog Kosova i Metohije, u zavisnosti od definisanih parametara. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na prednosti, odnosno na nedostatke primenjene koncepcije setvenog agregata.