Organization and Rational Exploitation of the Machinery and Tractor Stock of Equipment on the Farms in South Banat
Organizacija i racionalna eksploatacija mašinsko-traktorskog parka na poljoprivrednim gazdinstvima u južnom Banatu
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Author
Subic, Jonel
Vasiljevic, Zorica
Keywords
farmsmachinery
tractor
equipment
stock
organization
rationalization
efficiency
poljoprivredna gazdinstva
mašinsko-traktorski park
organizacija
racionalizacija
efektivnost
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Show full item recordAbstract
Agriculture, as one of the fundamental branches of national economy, as
creator of GDP and user of scientific and technical progress, represents both for the
South Banat County and for Serbia as a whole the traditional and important economic
activity that operates in appropriate natural conditions much more convenient than it is
situation in the most countries situated in the same part of Europe. In the process of
reforms as well as preparation of our country for accession to European Union (EU),
implementation of the goals given in the national program for economic revitalization as
well as higher respecting of the market economy postulates are caused, to a great extent,
by realization of higher degree efficiency as well as profitability of production and
productive factors.
Appropriate and in time application of mechanization has particular importance in
realization of adequate measures for increase of agricultural production intensity. It usually
refers to the need of adequate agro-technical measures realization as well as to the need of
fulfilling optimal deadlines. In accordance with that, the endeavors of farms are directed to
purchase of modern mechanization as well as its better utilization, i.e. onto the modern
technological procedures.
The topic of this paper is determination of organization and economic conditions for
optimal agricultural mechanization utilization, which mostly depends on level of the
mechanization equipping at the farm, than on the average tractor power, degree of the tractor
capacity utilization, way of composition of machines’ set, functional maintenance of technical
facilities as well as the total organization process of those activities aiming at an efficiency
increase of the newly bought machines compared to the existing machinery and tractor stock
of equipment. Poljoprivreda, kao jedna od baznih grana nacionalne ekonomije, stvaralac bruto
domaćeg proizvoda (BDP) i korisnik naučno-tehničkog progresa, predstavlja kako za Južnobanatski
okrug, tako i za Srbiju u celini tradicionalnu i značajnu ekonomsku delatnost, koja se
odvija u prirodno odgovarajućim uslovima, povoljnijim nego u većini zemalja ovog dela
Evrope. U procesu reformi i pripremanja naše zemlje za pristupanje Evropskoj uniji (EU),
realizacija ciljeva nacionalnog programa za ekonomski oporavak i veće respektovanje
postulata tržišne ekonomije jesu, u velikoj meri, uslovljeni ostvarivanjem višeg stepena
efektivnosti i rentabilnosti proizvodnje i proizvodnih faktora.
Celishodna i blagovremena primena mehanizacije ima poseban značaj u sprovođenju
adekvatnih mera za povećanje intenziteta poljoprivredne proizvodnje. To se po pravilu
odnosi kako na potrebu izvršenja određenih agrotehničkih mera, tako i na potrebu da se ove
aktivnosti realizuju u određenim optimalnim rokovima. Shodno tome, napori poljoprivrednih
gazdinstava su usmereni na kupovinu savremene mehanizacije i njeno što bolje korišćenje, tj.
na savremene tehnološke postupke.
Predmet ovog rada je određivanje organizaciono-ekonomskih uslova za optimalnu
upotrebu poljoprivredne mehanizacije, što u najvećoj meri zavisi od nivoa opremljenosti
gazdinstva mehanizaciijom, prosečne snage traktora, stepena iskorišćenja kapaciteta
traktora, načina sastavljanja mašinskog agregata, funkcionalnog održavanja tehnike i
ukupnog procesa organizacije onih aktivnosti koje imaju za cilj povećanje efektivnosti
novokupljenih mašina u odnosu na postojeći mašinsko-traktorski park.